String Associative Array Benchmark 2

Redoing old string associative benchmark (3 years ago) but now on Macbook Pro MJLQ2, here's the result:

alias time='/usr/local/bin/gtime -f "\nCPU: %Us\tReal: %es\tRAM: %MKB"'

$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_172"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_172-b11)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.172-b11, mixed mode)
$ time javac hash_map.java
CPU: 1.22s Real: 0.60s RAM: 67540KB
$ time java hash_map
6009354 6009348 611297
36186112 159701682 23370001
CPU: 274.83s Real: 53.47s RAM: 3946268KB

$ go version
go version go1.10.2 darwin/amd64
$ go build map.go
CPU: 0.09s Real: 0.14s RAM: 16160KB
$ time ./map
6009354 6009348 611297
36186112 159701682 23370001
CPU: 29.55s Real: 22.12s RAM: 2425316KB

$ dart --version
Dart VM version: 2.0.0 (Fri Aug 3 10:53:23 2018 +0200) on "macos_x64"
$ time dart ./map.dart
6009354 6009348 611297
36186112 159701682 23370001
CPU: 59.29s Real: 60.08s RAM: 1763952KB

$ node --version
v10.10.0
$ time node object.js # ERROR: TOO SLOW
^CCommand terminated by signal 2 
CPU: 855.68s Real: 763.40s RAM: 1517576KB

$ php -version
PHP 7.1.16 (cli) (built: Mar 31 2018 02:59:59) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
$ time php -d memory_limit=4G assoc.php
6009354 6009348 611297
36186112 159701682 23370001
CPU: 26.76s Real: 27.89s RAM: 1297824KB

$ mcs --version
Mono C# compiler version 5.10.1.0
$ time mcs dictionary.cs
CPU: 0.21s Real: 0.32s RAM: 42564KB
$ time mono ./dictionary.exe
6009354 6009348 611297
36186112 159701682 23370001
CPU: 33.69s Real: 33.64s RAM: 1609576KB

$ ruby --version
ruby 2.3.7p456 (2018-03-28 revision 63024) [universal.x86_64-darwin17]
$ time ruby hash.rb
time ruby hash.rb
6009354 6009348 611297
36186112 159701682 23370001
CPU: 100.57s Real: 103.63s RAM: 3012148KB

$ jruby --version
jruby 9.2.0.0 (2.5.0) 2018-05-24 81156a8 Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM 25.172-b11 on 1.8.0_172-b11 +jit [darwin-x86_64]
$ time jruby hash.rb # ERROR: TOO MEMORY CONSUMING
Error: Your application used more memory than the automatic cap of 3641MB.
Specify -J-Xmx####M to increase it (#### = cap size in MB).
Specify -w for full java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded stack trace
Command exited with non-zero status 1
CPU: 1616.55s Real: 257.91s RAM: 4439172KB

$ python3 --versionPython 3.7.0
$ time python3 dictionary.py
6009354 6009348 611297
36186112 159701682 23370001
CPU: 117.59s Real: 121.63s RAM: 3923812KB

$ pypy --version
Python 2.7.13 (ab0b9caf307db6592905a80b8faffd69b39005b8, Jun 24 2018, 08:19:27)[PyPy 6.0.0 with GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 9.1.0 (clang-902.0.39.2)]
$ time pypy dictionary.py
(6009354, 6009348, 611297)
(36186112, 159701682, 23370001)
CPU: 28.82s Real: 31.55s RAM: 3993764KB

$ lua -v
Lua 5.3.5  Copyright (C) 1994-2018 Lua.org, PUC-Rio
$ time lua table.lua
6009354 6009348 611297
36186112 159701682 23370001
CPU: 89.05s Real: 91.35s RAM: 2523332KB

$ luajit -v
LuaJIT 2.0.5 -- Copyright (C) 2005-2017 Mike Pall. http://luajit.org/
$ time luajit table.lua # ERROR: CANNOT ALLOC MEMORY
PANIC: unprotected error in call to Lua API (not enough memory)
Command exited with non-zero status 1CPU: 30.57s Real: 31.56s RAM: 1132648KB

This time PHP7 became the best performing programming language implementation, also the least memory consumption (I'm amazed with what they did in version 7). And as usual LuaJIT limited to 1-2GB so they failed, NodeJS too slow, and I'm unwilling to wait more than 10 minutes, so I terminate the app, JRuby hogging RAM too much.

Language	Version	Compile Duration	Compile RAM	Runtime Duration	Runtime RAM	2015's Duration	2015's RAM	Duration Improv	RAM Improv
C#	5.10.1.0	0.32	42,564	33.64	1,609,576	40.98	1,690,224	17.91%	4.77%
Dart	2.0.0			60.08	1,763,952	133.35	2,538,220	54.95%	30.50%
Go	1.10.2	0.14	16,160	22.12	2,425,316	24.10	2,748,784	8.22%	11.77%
Java	1.8.0_172	0.60	67,540	53.47	3,946,268	103.54	4,119,388	48.36%	4.20%
Lua	5.3.5			91.35	2,523,332	101.73	3,079,336	10.20%	18.06%
PHP	7.1.16			27.89	1,297,824	failed	failed
Pypy	6.0.0			31.55	3,993,764	79.87	4,034,956	60.50%	1.02%
Python3	3.7.0			121.63	3,923,812	157.71	4,335,568	22.88%	9.50%
Ruby	2.3.7p456			103.63	3,012,148	107.91	3,031,872	3.97%	0.65%

Faster than Go? Yes, plenty

Is there anything that faster than Go? yes, there are plenty, but I'm not sure if it would be fun to code with.. What are they?

G-WAN

G-WAN is closed-source web application server (not a language like Go). If I'm not mistaken G-WAN caches GET request, so second hit within few ms won't execute the backend function, practically this is cheating for benchmark (not merged), but for real application this feature quite great (can cope up with DDOS attack) :3 Btw did I mention that this web application server support whole lot of language? asm, C, C++, C#, D, Go, Java, Javascript, Lua, Objective-C, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, and Scala with CGI-like writing. One note that you must really learn how HTTP works (parsing header, setting cookie, parsing POST parameters, etc) if you want to use this.

I don't really know if this suffer the same problem similar to others that use CGI instead of FastCGI: connection pooling to database (but we can use pgpool).

LWAN

LWAN is also web application server that uses C, can be used with LuaJIT (fast implementation of Lua). For the framework you can use Sailor (Example).

PyParallel 

PyParallel is a programming language implementation, forked from Python3, removes GIL (Global Interpreter Lock).

Julia

Julia is one awesome programming language that uses LLVM, it focuses

Actually there's a lot more implementation that faster than Go for certain (or all) cases, such as: C, C++, Ada, Rust, Java, and Fortran, be sure to check on BenchmarkGame site.

But, don't choose a language or web framework or web application platform just based on performance, there's a lot of things to consider, for example:

• either it's waste of time to work with (since you must do many things manually aka there's no framework or so little libraries/function yet)
• how easy it's to train a new programmer to work with you or continue the project
• what's the continuity of the technology (if the project abandoned by the author/maintainer)
• build/compile duration
• etc..

If you are looking for next hype? try Elixir and Phoenix.

Numeric CombSort Benchmark update!

As I've written before, CombSort are quite good sort algorithm. Let's compare this algorithm when implemented in various programming language. The benchmark should not use any other built-in function other than array generation and printing. The benchmark uses AMD A8-6600K, 16GB RAM with Non-SSD disk.

$ alias | grep 'alias time'
alias time='/usr/bin/time -f "\nCPU: %Us\tReal: %es\tRAM: %MKB"'
$ time --version
GNU time 1.7

$ g++ --version
g++ (GCC) 4.9.2 20141224 (prerelease)
$ time g++ comb.cpp
CPU: 0.05s      Real: 0.12s     RAM: 19428KB
$ time ./a.out
CPU: 1.94s      Real: 1.97s     RAM: 79804KB
$ time g++ -O2 comb.cpp
CPU: 0.07s      Real: 0.11s     RAM: 21260KB
$ time ./a.out
CPU: 0.88s      Real: 0.90s     RAM: 79804KB

$ clang --version
clang version 3.5.1 (tags/RELEASE_351/final)
$ time clang++ comb.cpp
CPU: 0.05s      Real: 0.08s     RAM: 33564KB
$ time ./a.out
CPU: 1.83s      Real: 1.86s     RAM: 79764KB
$ time clang++ -O2 comb.cpp
CPU: 0.08s      Real: 0.14s     RAM: 37860KB
$ time ./a.out
CPU: 0.89s      Real: 0.91s     RAM: 79804KB

$ java -version

java version "1.7.0_71" 

$ time javac comb.java
CPU: 1.05s      Real: 0.73s     RAM: 65952KB

$ time java comb

CPU: 1.32s      Real: 1.32s     RAM: 110488KB

$ php --version
PHP 5.6.4 (cli) (built: Dec 17 2014 21:45:04)
$ time php comb.php
CPU: 102.69s    Real: 104.20s   RAM: 2497508KB

$ hhvm --version
HipHop VM 3.5.0 (rel)

$ time hhvm -v Eval.Jit=true comb.php 

CPU: 12.56s     Real: 14.83s    RAM: 362488KB

$ ruby --version

ruby 2.2.0p0 (2014-12-25 revision 49005) [x86_64-linux]

$ time ruby comb.rb

CPU: 52.87s     Real: 53.02s    RAM: 87892KB

$ rbx --version
rubinius 2.5.2 (2.1.0 7a5b05b1 2015-01-30 3.5.1 JI) [x86_64-linux-gnu]
$ time rbx comb.rb
CPU: 74.89s     Real: 74.30s    RAM: 135320KB

$ node --version

v0.10.35

$ time node comb1.js

CPU: 2.64s      Real: 2.64s     RAM: 92240KB

$ time node comb2.js
CPU: 2.68s      Real: 2.72s     RAM: 140612KB

$ rhino < /dev/null 
Rhino 1.7 release 4 2014 07 01
$ rhino comb2.js
CPU: 87.39s     Real: 61.16s    RAM: 1993848KB

$ pacman -Qo `which jsc-3`
/usr/bin/jsc-3 is owned by webkitgtk 2.4.8-1
$ time jsc-3 comb1.js
CPU: 23.74s     Real: 23.93s    RAM: 93740KB
$ time jsc-3 comb2.js
CPU: 18.99s     Real: 19.16s    RAM: 181644KB

$ js24 --help | grep Version
Version: JavaScript-C24.2.0
$ time js24 --ion-eager comb1.js
CPU: 2.13s      Real: 2.15s     RAM: 89688KB
$ time js24 --ion-eager comb2.js
CPU: 1.53s      Real: 1.58s     RAM: 92384KB

$ go version

go version go1.4.1 linux/amd64

$ time go build comb.go 

CPU: 0.14s      Real: 0.17s     RAM: 31568KB

$ time ./comb

CPU: 1.10s      Real: 1.14s     RAM: 79824KB

$ rustc --version
rustc 1.0.0-dev
$ time rustc comb.rs
CPU: 0.39s      Real: 0.49s     RAM: 106844KB
$ time ./comb
CPU: 10.62s     Real: 10.71s    RAM: 86020KB
$ time rustc -O comb.rs
CPU: 0.41s      Real: 0.49s     RAM: 110204KB
$ time ./comb
CPU: 0.97s      Real: 0.99s     RAM: 86108KB

$ scala -version
Scala code runner version 2.11.5 -- Copyright 2002-2013, LAMP/EPFL
$ time scala comb.scala
CPU: 5.43s      Real: 6.30s     RAM: 206088KB
$ time scalac comb.scala
CPU: 10.62s     Real: 7.00s     RAM: 143460KB
$ time scala Comb
CPU: 5.49s      Real: 5.05s     RAM: 206300KB

$ python --version
Python 3.4.2
$ time python comb1.py
CPU: 90.47s     Real: 90.83s    RAM: 403192KB
$ time python comb2.py
CPU: 106.82s    Real: 107.26s   RAM: 87248KB

$ pypy --version
Python 2.7.8 (c6ad44ecf5d8, Nov 18 2014, 18:04:31) [PyPy 2.4.0 with GCC 4.9.2]
$ time pypy comb1.py
CPU: 5.34s      Real: 5.40s     RAM: 136764KB
$ time pypy comb2.py
CPU: 5.85s      Real: 6.04s     RAM: 204588KB

$ mcs --version
Mono C# compiler version 3.12.0.0
$ time mcs -o+ comb.cs
CPU: 0.44s      Real: 0.47s     RAM: 45908KB
$ time ./comb.exe
CPU: 1.38s      Real: 1.41s     RAM: 90472KB

$ lua -v
Lua 5.2.3  Copyright (C) 1994-2013 Lua.org, PUC-Rio
$ time lua comb.lua
CPU: 65.64s     Real: 65.81s    RAM: 264096KB

$ luajit -v
LuaJIT 2.0.3 -- Copyright (C) 2005-2014 Mike Pall.
$ time luajit comb.lua
CPU: 6.30s      Real: 6.34s     RAM: 132964KB

$ dart --version
Dart VM version: 1.8.5 (Tue Jan 13 12:44:14 2015) on "linux_x64"
$ time dart scomb.dart
CPU: 2.12s      Real: 2.24s     RAM: 93392KB

The code can be found on my dropbox (folder: num-comb), and here's the summary:

Compiler / Interpreter	Language	Compile Duration	Compile RAM	Runtime Duration	Runtime RAM	Total Duration
g++ (debug)	C++	50	19428	1940	79804	1990
g++ (-O2)	C++	70	21260	880	79804	950
clang++ (debug)	C++	50	33564	1830	79764	1880
clang++ (-O2)	C++	80	37860	890	79804	970
javac, java	Java	1050	65952	1320	110488	2370
php	PHP			102690	2497508	102690
hhvm	PHP			12560	362488	12560
ruby	Ruby			52870	87892	52870
rbx	Ruby			74890	135320	74890
node (typed array)	Javascript			2640	92240	2640
node (untyped array)	Javascript			2680	140612	2680
rhino (untyped array)	Javascript			87039	1993848	87039
jsc-3 (typed array)	Javascript			23740	93740	23740
jsc-3 (untyped array)	Javascript			18990	181644	18990
js24 (typed array)	Javascript			2130	89688	2130
js24 (untyped array)	Javascript			1530	92384	1530
go	Go	140	31568	1100	79824	1240
rustc (debug)	Rust	390	106844	10620	86020	11010
rustc (-O2)	Rust	410	110204	970	86108	1380
scala	Scala			5430	206088	5430
python3	Python 3			90470	403192	90470
python3 (array)	Python 3			106820	87248	106820
pypy	Python 2			5340	136764	5340
pypy (array)	Python 2			5850	204588	5850
mcs	C#	440	45908	1380	90472	1820
lua	Lua			65640	264096	65640
luajit	Lua			6300	132964	6300
dart	Dart			2120	93392	2120

Write down your opinion (or pastie if you found a bug on these source, or if you want to add more language implementation) on the comment section ^^)b

Note #1: Opal (0.6.8) and JRuby (both 1.7.18 and 9.0.0pre1) failed to run this benchmark (they exceed 300s runtime limit even when using -J-Xmx3000M -J-Djruby.compile.mode=FORCE flag).

Note #2: Yes, it's unfair to compare array of integer and array of double, life is unfair by design, get over it...

String CombSort Benchmark update!

Previously, we have benchmark CombSort algorithm implemented in various programming language for array of number. Let's compare this algorithm with addition integer to string conversion the language's built-in string library. The benchmark should not use any other built-in function other than string, integer conversion and array generation and printing. The benchmark uses AMD A8-6600K, 16GB RAM with Non-SSD disk.

$ alias | grep 'alias time'
alias time='/usr/bin/time -f "\nCPU: %Us\tReal: %es\tRAM: %MKB"'
$ time --version
GNU time 1.7

$ g++ --version
g++ (GCC) 4.9.2 20141224 (prerelease)
$ time g++ -std=c++11 scomb.cpp
CPU: 0.18s      Real: 0.20s     RAM: 35868KB
$ time ./a.out
CPU: 19.32s     Real: 19.60s    RAM: 548912KB
$ time g++ -std=c++11 -O2 scomb.cpp
CPU: 0.20s      Real: 0.24s     RAM: 38184KB
$ time ./a.out
CPU: 13.76s     Real: 14.05s    RAM: 548816KB

$ clang --version
clang version 3.5.1 (tags/RELEASE_351/final)
$ time clang++ -std=c++11 scomb.cpp
CPU: 0.15s      Real: 0.20s     RAM: 42240KB
$ time ./a.out
CPU: 18.89s     Real: 19.21s    RAM: 548868KB
$ time clang++ -std=c++11 -O2 scomb.cpp
CPU: 0.20s      Real: 0.23s     RAM: 45824KB
$ time ./a.out
CPU: 13.87s     Real: 14.15s    RAM: 548820KB

$ javac -version
javac 1.7.0_71
$ time javac scomb.java
CPU: 1.13s      Real: 0.80s     RAM: 65324KB
$ time java scomb
CPU: 48.96s     Real: 27.59s    RAM: 906652KB

$ hhvm --version
HipHop VM 3.5.0 (rel)
$ time hhvm -v Eval.Jit=true scomb.php
CPU: 89.92s     Real: 90.38s    RAM: 877468KB

$ ruby --version
ruby 2.2.0p0 (2014-12-25 revision 49005) [x86_64-linux]
$ time ruby scomb.rb
CPU: 114.67s    Real: 115.21s   RAM: 870612KB

$ node --version
v0.10.35
$ time node scomb.js
CPU: 17.44s     Real: 17.41s    RAM: 411144KB

$ pacman -Qo `which jsc-3`
/usr/bin/jsc-3 is owned by webkitgtk 2.4.8-1
$ time jsc-3 scomb.js
CPU: 60.08s     Real: 43.66s    RAM: 834744KB

$ js24 --help | grep Version
Version: JavaScript-C24.2.0
$ time js24 scomb.js
CPU: 19.27s     Real: 19.62s    RAM: 735556KB

$ go version
go version go1.4.1 linux/amd64
$ time go build scomb.go
CPU: 0.14s      Real: 0.17s     RAM: 30428KB
$ time ./scomb
CPU: 11.45s     Real: 11.54s    RAM: 251628KB

$ scala -version
Scala code runner version 2.11.5 -- Copyright 2002-2013, LAMP/EPFL
$ time scala -J-Xmx3000M scomb.scala
CPU: 83.42s     Real: 46.10s    RAM: 1093924KB

$ python --version
Python 3.4.2
$ time python scomb.py
CPU: 121.33s    Real: 122.06s   RAM: 641844KB

$ pypy --version
Python 2.7.8 (c6ad44ecf5d8, Nov 18 2014, 18:04:31) [PyPy 2.4.0 with GCC 4.9.2]
$ time pypy scomb.py
CPU: 14.72s     Real: 14.97s    RAM: 522080KB

$ lua -v
Lua 5.2.3  Copyright (C) 1994-2013 Lua.org, PUC-Rio
$ time lua scomb.lua
CPU: 98.11s     Real: 98.54s    RAM: 863880KB

$ luajit -v
LuaJIT 2.0.3 -- Copyright (C) 2005-2014 Mike Pall.
$ time luajit scomb.lua
CPU: 21.30s     Real: 21.61s    RAM: 511268KB

$ dart --version
Dart VM version: 1.8.5 (Tue Jan 13 12:44:14 2015) on "linux_x64"
$ time dart scomb.dart
CPU: 11.92s     Real: 12.15s    RAM: 497788KB

The code can be found on my dropbox (folder: str-comb), and here's the summary:

Compiler / Interpreter	Language	Compile Duration	Compile RAM	Runtime Duration	Runtime RAM	Total Duration
g++ (debug)	C++	180	35868	19320	548912	19500
g++ (-O2)	C++	200	38184	13760	548816	13960
clang++ (debug)	C++	150	42240	18890	548868	19040
clang++ (-O2)	C++	200	45824	13870	548820	14070
javac, java	Java	1130	65324	48960	906652	50090
hhvm	PHP			89920	877468	89920
ruby	Ruby			114670	870612	114670
node	Javascript			17440	411144	17440
jsc-3	Javascript			60080	834744	60080
js24	Javascript			19270	735556	19270
go	Go	140	30428	11450	251628	11590
scala	Scala			83420	1093924	83420
python3	Python 3			121330	641844	121330
pypy	Python 2			14720	522080	14720
lua	Lua			98110	863880	98110
luajit	Lua			21300	511268	21300
dart	Dart			11920	497788	11920

Write down your opinion (or pastie if you found a bug on these source, or if you want to add more language implementation) on the comment section ^^)b

Note #1: PHP 5.6.4, Rubinius 2.5.2, JRuby 9.0.0a1, Rhino 1.7, MCS 3.12 failed to end their execution within approx. 120s timeout